Sentence examples for maternal effects are from inspiring English sources

Maternal effects are a non-genetic contribution of a female to its offspring but most reported maternal effects are products of both genetic and non-genetic contributions, i.e. female effects.

These findings suggest that naturally-induced maternal effects prepare offspring for competitive environments, supporting the idea that maternal effects are adaptive.

Weighted means and standard errors of direct and maternal heritability, common litter effects and the correlation between direct and maternal effects are given for various reproduction, growth and carcass traits.

Cytoplasmatic inheritance of various kinds, and some kinds of maternal effects, are considered by Odling-Smee to be energy and material resources transmitted through the internal environment, and traditional ecological inheritance of selection pressures is non-semantic inheritance that is passed through an external environment.

Hence, maternal effects are not expected and are not further considered.

Immune-mediated maternal effects are believed to play an integral role in the disease resistance of mammalian [1] [4] and avian offspring [5] [9].

However, the maternal effects were reversible in the offspring transferred to a clean medium.

Variance of maternal effects was larger than other variance components.

Maternal effects were seen in the positive correlation between maternal postpartum body mass and granulocyte and monocyte counts.

For all traits except percent weight gain, maternal effects were strong, and an important part of them was related to the initial weight of eggs.

Maternal effects were identified as a significant cross by main effect interaction.