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First, in osteogenesis, viable osteoblasts and pre-osteoblasts in the materials induce an ossification reaction around the graft sites to form new bone tissue.
Differences in the moisture response of the materials induce internal stresses in the individual layers of the structures, which cause objects to deform and crack.
Decorating graphene's surface with adatoms can be used to derive new graphene based versatile materials, induce magnetic moments, and enhance spin orbit coupling.
However, these materials induce inflammatory reactions, contributing to thrombosis, smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and neointima formation, processes leading to the failure of vascular substitutes.
A pore size of 30 40 μm within porous template scaffolds formed of five different synthetic polymers and one natural polymer appeared to increase infiltration of macrophages and vascular density, suggesting that these materials induce regenerative macrophages [126]-[128].
For example, elastic materials induce differentiation to the cartilage tissue, and stiff materials induce differentiation to the bone tissue.
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All magnesium materials induced calcification, which is beneficial for orthopaedic and dental applications.
Corrosion is one of the most destructive processes in materials induced by environment.
The thermodynamic incompatibility between the hard and soft segments that make up these materials induces a two-phase microstructure.
Consistent with this notion, we found that different lignocellulosic materials induced different levels of the fibrolytic enzymes produced by (Piromyces + M. ruminantium) Yak-G18 co-culture.
Mechanical wear normally corresponds to fracture, plastic deformation, and viscous flow of materials induced by mechanical impress or/and shear stress [2 4].
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