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Stresses are generated in implant materials and bone, and at their interfaces.
Fatigue calculations have been carried out for Ti 6Al 4V, cobalt chromium alloy materials and bone cement based on Goodman, Soderberg, and Gerber fatigue theories.
Although the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with scaffolds for bone repair has been considered an effective method, the interactions between implanted materials and bone tissues have not been fully elucidated.
Here, we review the wide variety of biomaterial surface functionalization techniques employed, with a particular focus on presenting methods that are applicable to polymeric materials and bone tissue engineering applications.
Hydroxyapatite (HA -based bone substitute materials and bone substitute materials consisting of HA -basedta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were used.
Whereas although PLLA materials are biodegradable and complete degradation in vivo normally occurs over 5 years [17], intra-sinus air pressure could affect the augmented sites again after degradation of materials, and bone loss above implant apex and pneumatization may occur in the sinus thereafter.
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Weighted subtraction imaging was employed for material and bone separation.
They are suitable as bone cements, reinforcing material, and bone implants.
We assess the feasibility of clinical megavoltage (MV) spectral imaging for material and bone separation with a novel multi-layer imager (MLI) prototype.
Hence, we hypothesise using a three-dimensional porous titanium scaffold or an allogenic bone scaffold combined with osteogenic, chondrogenic material and bone marrow stromal stem cells in vivo tissue engineering to repair condylar defects.
In the HA+rhBMP-2 group, osteoinduction occurred around the material and bone formation was observed.
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