KM and MM conceived the experiments; MS supervised the design of this work; TN, FS, and HM assisted in the acquisition of clinical material; MM, TN and MM assisted with collection of array data and analysis; MT and IT contributed to data validation; All authors were involved in writing the paper and had final approval of the submitted and published versions.
The digestibility, of the four treatments (i.e. fresh material, LM, MM, and HM silages) was determined with four wethers in a 4×4 Latin square design.
On five occasions, a substrate mixture was prepared from thawed food waste; two fractions of structural material – fine (<3 mm) and coarse (3 19 mm) crushed wood waste; mature compost from the composing plant; and water (wet weight proportions food waste:coarse structure:fine structure:compost:water = 20 8 2 1 1).
The material is modeled as 3D rigid open cellular structured material, 2D randomly oriented triple laminated material and particulated + fibrous material in the cm, mm and μm scales, respectively.
Two specially designed VFSF, a roughing filter (RF) packed with expanded clay material (grain size: 3 6 mm) and a polishing filter (PF) with zeolite material (grain size: 0 5 mm) were operated in both single-stage and two-stage configuration.
Uniaxial tension tests were conducted for the base material of the 10 mm and 30 mm profiles.
The median diameter of the bed material d50 was 0.23 mm, and a rigid flat surface was set upstream of a movable bed.
In the welded tubes, the thickness of the lower part (AISI1018) was held constant (1.5 mm), while the thickness of the upper part (AL6061) and the foam density of the filler material were variable (0.5 2.5 mm and 100 800 kg/m3, respectively).
From the analysis, the optimum combinations were obtained at compressed air pressure of 2.0 bar, laser power of 500 W, cutting speed of 0.6 m/min, stand-off distance of 5.0 mm, hole diameter of 2.0 mm and material of PMMA.
It was also observed that the difference in liner thickness of 30% did influence the response of the pipelines, and that extreme fiber tensions during service loading were 7%and13%3% of the tensile strength of the liner materials for the 76 mm and 51 mm liner thicknesses that were specified.
