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Using 1 as a host material for blue dopant material PFVtPh, the resultant device showed high EL efficiencies with 10.35 cd/A, 8.77 lm/W, and 5.70% (10.24 cd/A, 6.06 lm/W, and 5.66% at 20 mA/cm20.
A α-carboline based high triplet energy material, 9,9′- 5′- carbazol-9-yl -[1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl]-3,3″-diyl)di-α-carboline (2CbCzT), was designed and synthesized as the thermally stable host material for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs).
Such lasers will have an instant leg up on the market: Unlike the most popular material for blue lasers--gallium nitride--ZnO films could be grown at far lower temperatures and likely could be fabricated more easily.
FIrpic is the most well-known phosphorescent blue emitter, and mCP, as a carbazole-based material, is known to be a potential host material for blue electrophosphorescence because of its wide bandgap energy, high triplet energy, and good hole-transporting ability [12 14].
Zinc selenide was the first material for blue LEDs but gallium nitride is dominating the market now.
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These results demonstrate that 3,6-disubstituted spiro-fluorene derivatives are promising host materials for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (PhOLEDs).
In order to improve EL efficiency, 1 7 were used as blue host materials for blue dopant materials 4′-[2- 2-diphenylamino-9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-7-yl)vinyl]-p-terphenyl (PFVtPh) and 3-(N-phenylcarbazol)vinyl-p-terphenyl (PCVtPh).
A molecular design modifying 4- position of dibenzofuran with a pyridoindole moiety for high temperature stability and high efficiency was examined as an approach to develop host materials for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes.
The high triplet 2, 3 and 4 are served as host materials for blue phosphorescent OLEDs, with maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 20.5%, while 5 and 6 are used as sky-blue and greenish-blue emitters in delayed fluorescence OLEDs, with maximum EQE of 4.9 and 10.0%, respectively.
Two bicarbazole type host materials, 9- dibenzo [b,d]thiophen-4-yl)-9- dibenzo9H,9′H-3,3ʹ-bicarbazole (DBTBCz) and 9,9ʹ-bis(dibenzo [b,d]thiophen-4-yl -9ʹ-phenyl-9H,9′H-3,3ʹ-bicarbazole,d]thiophen-4-yl -9ʹ-phenyl-9H,9′H-3,3ʹ-bicarbazolels for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs).
The design of new organic molecules with the first triplet (T1) excitation energy high enough for use as host materials for blue phosphorescence is challenging because the energy transfer from host to guest requires the host to have a T1 energy greater than the already high T1 energy of the guest phosphor.
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