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Females often prefer to mate with high quality males, and one aspect of quality is physical performance.
By choosing a mate with high endurance capacity, a woman would thus have gained direct (e.g. more resources for her and her offspring) and/or indirect (i.e. physically fitter offspring) benefits.
Choosy females prefer to mate with high quality males, because they make 'good fathers' (direct benefits), and/or because they provide 'good genes' for their offspring (indirect benefits) [ 1].
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A lower sex drive ensures women are more selective in their sexual decisions, making certain that they only mate with high-quality men.
Females accepted a mate with higher probability in the presence of non-sibs.
Therefore, yearling females could have mated with younger and/or less dominant males due to a lack of opportunities to mate with higher quality males late in the rut.
Nonetheless, if presence and calling at the reproductive site actually relates to male quality, females that mate with any closely calling male are more likely to mate with high-quality males without incurring costs of extended mate searching (cf. [ 56]).
Following that logic, females benefit from mating with high quality males because that male's genes will confer a greater ability to survive on her young, making it more likely to pass her genes to future generations – or he'll stick around and help to raise his progeny.
If the correlation rmfW is large and positive, for example, then females mating with high fitness males can expect on average to have high fitness sons and daughters.
Variation among the males that females mate with does not necessarily indicate that females have different standards of quality, but reflects the fact that yearling females in poor condition may not be able to pay the potential costs associated with mating with high quality males.
Because of the cost of fly parasitism, and because of the higher risk that appears to result from being near high chirp rate song, the evolution of female song preferences in this species may thus be affected not only by the benefits of mating with high chirp rate males, but also by the risk of fly parasitism that results from associating with them.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com