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However, mate preference is difficult to measure in natural populations as detailed data on mate availability and mate sampling are usually missing.
Our knowledge of the effects of female condition, or phenotypic quality, on mate preference is limited.
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To ensure female mate preference was not guided by hunger, the female compartment was equipped with a filled food bowl.
The female mate preference was entered as the independent variable (after arcsine transformation).
Female mate preference was also analysed with a paired t test on arcsine-transformed data.
The physical attributes and courtship rituals involved in mate preference are essential for reproductive fitness and propagation of a species.
A dramatic alteration in mate preference was observed (Crews et al. 2007) along with epigenetic alterations (termed epimutations) in the germline (sperm) (Guerrero-Bosagna et al. 2010).
Opsin expression did not differ consistently between species across locations, suggesting species level differences in mate preference are likely maintained at levels of higher order processing.
Female mate preference was expressed as the proportion of time in front of each male over the total time in the choice area (e.g. [ 43- 46]).
Thus, an environmental factor that altered mate preference was found to promote a transgenerational alteration in the sperm epigenome in an imprinted-like manner that was inherited for multiple generations (Crews et al. 2007; Skinner et al. 2010).
Because of the overall decline in mating activity in sympatry, the evidence for species-specific mate preferences is pronounced only in allopatric females: N. lepida preferred conspecific males, whereas N. bryanti showed no such preference.
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