An epidemiological study based on 287 cases of abortion and 1318 age matching controls demonstrated a similar prevalence of seropositive animals thus strongly suggesting that the abortion risk is not influenced by presence of maternal antibodies [ 45].
We expect that individuals randomised to receive iCBT, compared to matched controls, will demonstrate significantly greater improvements in secondary outcome measures from pre- to post-intervention.
Chaudhari et al. in 2009 also directly compared ACL-injured subjects to matched controls and demonstrated a strong link between volume of ACL and ACL injuries [ 10].
A study by Shaw et al. [ 39] investigated CNVs and LOH in cfDNA of breast cancer patients and matched controls and demonstrated different potential gene targets that distinguish between patients with primary breast cancer and healthy controls.
The numbers of patients and appropriately matched controls, needed to demonstrate a specific relative risk with adequate power and acceptable type I error risk in a case control study would depend on the frequency of the polymorphism in the population.
A case-control study of over 3,900 Caucasian women with early onset invasive breast cancer (median age 50 years) and a similar number of matched controls [ 11] demonstrated association between homozygosity for the high producer TGFB1 L10P allele and an odds ratio of 1.25 for risk of invasive breast cancer.
60 In their study of 16 patients with pSS compared to age and sex matched controls, Bacman et al demonstrated that immunoglobulin G antibodies present in human sera could bind to and activate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors of the rat parotid gland, confirming that autoantibodies to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors played a pathologic role in the development of pSS.
Plasma protein blot analysis of our twin pairs and matched, unrelated controls demonstrated reduced plasma PON1 levels in 50% of the twin cases independent of disease phenotype.
When striated into age groups of < 45 years, 46 61 years, and > 62 years, and then age-matched with the controls, the likelihood of infection with the H. pylori organism was greater in both the experimental middle group, and in the middle group when combined with the elder group, than in the matched controls, and this difference demonstrated a trend approaching statistical significance.
Compared to matched controls, the NF1 group demonstrated deficient learning of a fine motor task over a five day period, with impairments driven by poorer initial learning (fast online) and reduced offline consolidation of learned skills between training sessions.
