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To avoid massive bleeding during the surgical procedure, 4 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was transfused (in Japan, the estimated volume per unit of FFP is 120 mL/unit) 1 day prior to the surgery.
One subject did not continue treatment because of massive bleeding during ESD.
The remaining two patients with oesophagoaortic fistulae died of massive bleeding during two courses and four courses of chemoradiation, respectively.
One of the midwives said: "The judiciary system receives a dossier on the death of a patient due to massive bleeding during vaginal delivery.
In the meantime, a drainage tube used as a tourniquet for transient occlusion of uterine arteries was placed into the abdominal cavity in case of massive bleeding during the procedure [ 42].
Among the perioperative and post-operative complications, one patient (11%) presented intestinal occlusion that resolved with non-operative measures, one had massive bleeding during the surgery (11%), there was one case with urinary fistula (11%) and two cases showed a perineal infection (22%).
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Briefly, the 'shock syndrome' during massive bleeding reflects an imbalance between systemic oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption [ 7, 8].
No one needs additional indicators during massive bleeding with severe hypotension to confirm that the patient is in trouble, and neither is there time for these measurements.
We retrospectively reviewed all patients treated with rFVIIa for massive bleeding secondary to anticoagulation during circulatory assistance between March 2004 and November 2008.
In these patients massive bleeding (10 20 ml/min) have developed during intraoperative or early postoperative periods, but bloodloss rate have minimal reduction, despite infusions of fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate plasma, platelet concentrate, Trasilol and e-aminocapronic acid.
And we found that Sonoclot was useful as a guide for blood transfusion during cardiac surgery and massive bleeding in a clinical situation and in our clinical study (not yet published).
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