For photons, this is performed by adding the factor (M Ref/M New)2/3, where M Ref is the mass of the reference phantoms and M New is the new organ mass [29].
At every step, the distances between the center of mass of the reference group and each of the three protein groups were constrained and the constraint force was monitored.
The heartwood blocks were assigned to natural durability classes (Table 2), on the basis of their x value, calculated using the equation: x value = average mass loss of the test specimens average mass loss of the reference specimens (1).
Here, ρ − is a positive constant describing the mass density of the reference body Ω −.
Here, ∂ t = ∂ / ∂ t, ρ − is a positive constant denoting the mass density of the reference domain Ω −, P a pressure function, and u ± = ( u ± 1, …, u ± N ) ( N ≥ 2 ), ρ + and π − are unknown velocities, scalar mass density and scalar pressure, respectively.
All observed precursor masses were recalibrated according to the methods of Cox et al., and the average mass deviation (AMD) was calculated for all high-confidence PSMs (Percolator FDR <1%) matching the same reference peptide, as the mean difference between the observed precursor masses and the expected mass of that reference peptide in units of ppm.
Since no relevant heterogeneities of activity distribution were observed in the colon tract, the total number of disintegrations in this organ was partitioned to its components (upper large intestine, lower large intestine) proportionally to their respective masses of the OLINDA male reference phantom.
Intact mass: The molecular masses of the GP2013 and reference batches were determined using a Q-TOF mass spectrometer (Synapt®, Waters, Saint Quentin en Yvelines, France) after the heavy chain C-terminal lysine had been enzymatically removed.
The total mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) mass of each organism ranges from approximately 1.3 to 2.3 MDa, and hence all analyzed mitoribosomes can be classified as "protein-rich," relative to the approximately 0.8 MDa total r-protein mass of the bacterial reference organisms E. coli and T. thermophilus.
On the other hand, various systematic contributions, e.g., the air buoyancy correction, balance parameters, molecular masses, and the purity of the reference (expressed as a mass fraction), were taken into account.
