A given mass of adsorbent can adsorb only a fixed amount of adsorbate, so the initial concentration of the adsorbate solution is very important.
where qe (mg/g) and Ce (mg/L) are the amount of adsorbed EtBr per unit mass of adsorbent and an adsorbed EtBr concentration in solution at equilibrium, respectively.
The Freundlich isotherm (Freundlich 1906) is expressed as: {text{ln q}}_{e} = frac{1}{n}{text{ln C}}_{e} + {text{ln K}}_{F}, (4 where q e is the amount of adsorbate adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (mg/g); K F, Freundlich isotherm constant (mg/g) (L/mg)1/n); C e, equilibrium concentration of the adsorbate (mg/L); n, the heterogeneity factor.
It can express the relationship between the amounts of adsorbate by unit mass of adsorbent at a constant temperature.
Contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate and mass of adsorbent are important parameters in designing the adsorption system.
Linear form of pseudo-first-order model described by Lagergren can be presented as follows(Demirbas et al. 2004): log (q_{text{e}} - q_{t} ) = log q_{text{e}} - frac{{k_{1} }}{2.303}t (3)where q e (in mg/g) is the fluoride adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent at equilibrium, q t (in mg/g) is the fluoride adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent at any time t and K 1 is the rate constant of adsorption.
Effectiveness of CO2 adsorption has been assessed in terms of the moles of CO2 adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent, the breakthrough time and the fraction of bed utilized at breakpoint.
Amount of Cr VI) ions adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (mg g−1).
Ce is the equilibrium concentration of metal ions and Qe is metal ion adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (mg/g).
The amount of metal adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent was obtained by using the equation ( q_{text{e}} = (C_{text{o}} - C_{text{e}} )V/m ).
But the actual amount of arsenic adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent increased with increasing initial concentration in the test solution.
