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Exact(4)
A mean value of each mass fraction level was calculated with its standard deviation, the latter shown in Table 4.
As an exception, poor results were obtained for BghiP at 1 μg/kg mass fraction level (recovery of 113 % with an RSD of 51%%); however, they were assumed to be caused by experimental systematic errors as good results were obtained for the same compound in the same material at 1.5 μg/kg (recovery of 93%%, RSD 1.6%%).
For DalP and DaeP at 5 μg/kg mass fraction level, a yield higher than 120 % was found, while for DahP, it was 83 % at 5 μg/kg and 65%% at 7.5 μg/kg mass fraction levels (these results could be explained by the relatively higher RSD obtained for this compound).
A commercially available baby food, containing carrots, potatoes, tomato, white beans and meat, was spiked with the so-called 15 + 1 PAHs included in the PAHs priority list for food of the EU, at a mass fraction level of 1 μg/kg.
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The calibration was performed using eight mercury mass fraction levels covering from 1.9 to 50 ng/kg.
Table 3 summarises the results obtained from recovery studies carried out at two mass fraction levels of each individual PAH in the three different materials.
Moreover, suitable and representative analyte/matrix combinations that are similar to routine samples with respect to mass fraction levels and material properties have to be selected.
Blank samples of each material were spiked at these levels and analysed in order to verify that PAHs could easily be detected, identified and quantified at these mass fraction levels.
Trueness was assessed by spiking experiments at two different mass fraction levels, i.e. 1 and 1.5 μg/kg for frozen and autoclaved materials and five times higher mass fraction for the freeze-dried material (5 and 7.5 μg/kg) due to the pre-concentration because of water loss during freeze drying.
A set of solvent standards at mass fraction levels of 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 μg/kg of each PAH, and 100 μg/kg of each internal standard, was prepared every day and injected five times along the measurement sequence.
Residual gas mass fraction, turbulence level and non-homogeneity of air fuel mixture (droplet in mixture) are the main parameters affecting the initial flame kernel growth that finally leads to combustion variation in different cycles.
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