Based on the theoretical analysis and experimental study, this paper summarized and compared the frequently-used antifreeze asphalt mixtures (AFACs) design methods, i.e. mass displacement, volume displacement, and combined optimum design method.
Stiffness and mass matrices are formulated via the conventional displacement method and the eigenequation is then solved.
Using the finite element method and the generalized-α time integration method, the dynamic responses of the contact force and moving mass displacement are computed, and the effects of the hanger modeling and system parameters on the responses are investigated.
Effective porosity and density of the rock samples were analyzed using the Archimedes method, which is based on the principle of mass displacement.
When harvested, each sample was processed for growth strain, volumetric shrinkage (displacement method, before and after drying), stem diameter (measured under bark using digital callipers), basic density (mass and displacement method) and dry acoustic velocity (resonance).
There is little daily discussion of the occupation, or of the mass displacement that preceded it.
Responsibility for this mass displacement fell mainly to two new operators, easyJet and Ryanair.
The most dramatic change is the escalation of tribal conflict, mass killings, and the burning of villages causing mass displacement.
Even without such mass displacement, central Harlem's demographic shift is already transforming the area's street life.
Artists have argued that there are ways the city and underground communities can make venues safe without mass displacement.
