When mass deprivation has occurred in modern times, it has invariably resulted from political tyranny and social chaos, not from an inability to derive enough resources from the earth.
A pattern of mass deprivation was seen for coverage of four or more ANC visits, health facility delivery and postnatal care for the same woman.
A pattern of mass deprivation was seen for coverage of 4 or more ANC visits, health facility delivery and postnatal care for the same woman, with only 5.2% of women receiving this overall; this coverage was low for the highest wealth index quartile as well at 12.2%.
Two studies recently showed that adult birds which had experienced nutritional stress during the nestling period rather than the fledgling period were less able to compensate in terms of management of energy resources (resting metabolic rate and body mass loss under deprivation) [15], [16].
The experiments revealed that female zebra finches experiencing poor nutritional conditions during early development had, as adults, an increased body mass loss after food deprivation, approached food faster and fed earlier than subjects experiencing a high quality diet throughout early development.
The effects of early nutritional conditions on body mass loss in adults after food deprivation may have been proximately caused by several factors.
The effects on body mass loss in response to food deprivation may reflect costs that appear to be paid only when adults experience environmental stress.
The relative body mass loss after three hours of food deprivation tended to be different among the three treatments (LME: nutritional treatment, F2,19 = 3.35, p = 0.057; age, F1,7 = 3.75, p = 0.094; Fig. 1b).
In developing countries, mass nutritional deprivation is perhaps the most important public health problem, resulting in wide-scale deficiencies of calories, protein, and essential vitamins and minerals.
‡Adjusted for maternal age, ethnic group, understanding of English, marital or partner status, body mass index, deprivation score quintile, previous pregnancies, and weeks of gestation.
We tested subject's response to food restriction as adults by measuring body mass loss and tested their exploration and foraging behaviour after a short period of food deprivation.
