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A variable specific volume, k was introduced to convert the mass concentration to effective volume fraction.
Then, the feed-forward inversion control scheme adjusted the incident irradiance with respect to the in-process measured mass concentration to maintain the optimum average fluence rate inside the PBR.
A unified semi-empirical approach for predicting the viscosity of dilute and concentrated systems was proposed, where a variable specific volume, k was introduced to convert the mass concentration to effective volume fraction.
To deduce the extinction cross section of a single fused silica nanosphere, we first need find out the molar concentration of the silica nanospsheres in the test phantom by converting the mass concentration to the molar concentration.
These results suggest that chemical components and size distributions of urban PM2.5 are more closely related than mass concentration to airway responses in asthmatics, and that the dose parameter of particle mass may not be adequate to evaluate adverse health effects that are associated with PM exposure.
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As a result, suggestions have been made to use oxidative potential (OP) as an additional metric to PM mass concentrations to measure PM toxicity (Ayres et al. 2008; Borm et al. 2007).
For a given heat input, the Rth is found to decrease with the increase of the nanoparticle mass concentration up to 0.5% and increased thereafter.
During summer, PM10 mass concentration increased to a maximum of ∼1.6 μg m−3 at mid-December, while in January it decreased to values that are typical of November.
Whereas at temperature of 333.15 K impact of mass concentration seems to fade away; only below 1 Hz is still clearly visible.
Increase of mass concentration led to inefficient energy distribution in the milling process caused by the weak interaction between bead media and particles [22].
A careful study of the thermodynamic profile of this nanofluid set shows that thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and density increase with nanoplatelet mass concentration up to (5, 12.6, and 0.3)%, respectively.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com