Exact(1)
This paper is a contribution to the research needed towards a possible improvement of design recommendations, based on the following rational data: (a) Recognition of all failure modes, and (b) Specific contribution of force transfer mechanisms, such as tensile strength and compression strength of masonry, masonry to masonry friction, pullout force of steel bars and dowel action.
Similar(59)
As a compromise, we use the loss functions for masonry, masonry-engineered, concrete, steel, and wood in the HAZUS manual for construction types of brick-wood, composite masonry, reinforced concrete, steel, and miscellaneous in Shenzhen, assuming that the buildings share similar occupation types and numbers of stories.
Weak masonry destroyed; ordinary masonry heavily damaged, sometimes with complete collapse; reinforced masonry seriously damaged.
Some damage to reinforced masonry; none to reinforced masonry designed to resist lateral forces.
You can make this by mixing type N masonry cement and masonry sand (do not use beach sand).
Especially for masonry.
Damage to weak masonry.
Weak plaster and masonry cracks.
Damage to masonry; partial collapse.
It's a masonry building.
Floors are cracked; masonry crumbling.
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