While a stimulus will modulate a neuron's firing pattern on a longer timescale, noise will affect spike timings on a shorter timescale, masking the message encoded [3].
But neither explanation could mask the underlying message of the new numbers: The nation's economy, rattled by war threats and still haunted by the tech and stock market busts, is reeling.
They could all post positive or negative tweets skewing metrics used by companies and researchers to track opinions on that topic". Bots can even "orchestrate a campaign to create a fake sense of agreement among Twitter users where they mask the sponsor of the message, making it seem like it originates from the community itself".
A machine that the British codebreakers nicknamed Tunny enciphered the transmissions by masking the original message with another letter stream.
As the man's family members discover their faces have transformed to match the masks, the message is clear.
Messages are routed through several intermediary nodes who forward the message, masking the identity of the original sender.
Some of the websites have gone back to normal at the time of writing, but at least one, belonging to a police force in the south of the country, still showed only Anonymous's trademark Guy Fawkes mask and the message: "Failed Law.
Therefore, in order to maintain synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver, and to ensure that the chaotic signal masks the messages, the dynamic range of the messages has to be significantly smaller than that of the chaotic scalar.
For the new study, published online this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, scientists synthesized signature dolphin whistles, retaining the message but masking the individual voice.
The contrast with his unsmiling father, Kim Jong Il, who died in December, could not have been clearer.Unlike his father, the mop-haired Mr Kim spoke directly to the nation, in a resonant voice that masked the monotony of his message.
