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Myeloablation very likely triggers a wide destruction of bone marrow structure and the niche environment as is known for irradiation in mice [ 54- 56].
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Future developments are directed to yield comprehensive information about bone marrow structure, function and microenvironment.
The bone marrow structure was destroyed in all those specimens (Fig. 3).
Areas of cytokeratin positive epithelial cells within the bone marrow structure can be seen in Figure 2B.
In addition, cells that can be induced to migrate from adjacent bone marrow structures may contribute to the local facilitation and propagation of inflammation and bone damage.
By comparison, six of the eight animals had normal radiographs in the polymer (Fig. 2B) and the control groups (Fig. 2C); the other two animals in each group had radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis together with typical histologic signs of bone infection, including abscesses, and destruction of bone and marrow structures.
Whilst osteoconductivity of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering strategies can be directed by their composition, surface character and internal structure, osteoinductive and osteogenic features can be provided by growth factors originally participating in fracture healing and/or multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) capable of rebuilding bone and marrow structures.
Taking into consideration that the path lengths of the common therapeutic radionuclides are in the millimetre range and the structure of the bone marrow it is evident that the radiation from the blood will reach all bone marrow structures.
Thus, the structure of the marrow sinusoids and the sluggish blood flow make an advantageous route for tumor cells to invade the bone marrow [17], [18].
Clinical interventions such as marrow stimulation techniques that support cell invasion from the bone marrow do not restore the original cartilage structure and function in the lesions.
Taken together, our data demonstrate a radioprotective effect of PTH on bone structure and bone marrow and shed new light on a possible clinical application of anabolic treatment in radiotherapy.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com