BAFF has been reported to be secreted mainly by the bone marrow stromal cells, and plasma cell adhesion to them augments its secretion, resulting in NF-κB activation and MAPK and AKT phosphorylation [ 10].
The interaction of receptor molecules in the bone marrow stroma (urokinase receptor, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and fibronectin) with the ligands that are over-expressed on the tumor cells (β1, α4β1 and α5β1 integrins, cadherin-11, connective tissue growth factor, and CXCR4) promotes colonization of circulating malignant cells in the bone marrow [ 9, 21].
The interaction between myeloma cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, through vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and α4 β1 integrin, stimulates the production of several proosteoclastogenic factors, including the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κB) ligand (RANKL) [ 12].
The RGD, YIGSR, or IKVAV functionalized PAMAM coated substrate could promote cell adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) within 1 h after incubation.
Elotuzumab (HuLuc63), an anti-CS1 monoclonal IgG1 antibody, is believed to induce anti-tumor activity and MM cytotoxicity through antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and inhibition of MM cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).
ZA downregulates adhesion molecules on bone marrow stromal cells and inhibits tumor cell adhesion to the bone matrix whether the tumor cells or the matrix are treated with bisphosphonate [ 12].
Most of the differentially expressed genes in the present study are involved in bone marrow cell differentiation, cell growth or growth arrest, apoptosis, cell adhesion and matrix modulation, and inflammatory and immune response, processes known to modulate atherosclerosis.
They synthesized 18 different peptides which directly incorporate various functional motifs to promote cell adhesion, differentiation, and bone marrow homing activities.
The P24/CPC microspheres with different proportions of P24 (2% and 4%) induced high proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and well supported cell adhesion on the sphere surfaces.
Moreover, during the 7 days culture of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on scaffolds, the cell adhesion and proliferation of BMSCs were presented well on both the surface and the cross-section of the scaffolds.
