He moved the atmosphere effortlessly from that of a rock concert to that of the solemn vigil of the 15th of August, marking the assumption of the Virgin Mary into heaven.
It is reported that at the celebrations to mark the assumption there were, "magnificent shows of wild beasts procured from Africa" and that a visiting diplomat, the patricius Symmachus, sent by the eastern Imperial court to Italy was, "amazed at the riches given to the Goths and the Romans".
Concerning the assumptions required for the method, ear-notches provide a permanent marking so the assumption of zero mark loss is justified.
Note also that in (noisy) group testing, the Boneh-Shaw marking assumption may not always hold.
The so-called marking assumption defines which attacks are possible in the model.
We do this both for the informed setting (where (vec {Theta }) is known to the decoder) and the universal setting, where (vec {Theta }) is only known to satisfy the marking assumption.
In this case, the set of allowed pirate strategies we consider is the set of all attacks satisfying the marking assumption (mathcal {P}_{text {mark}}): begin{array}{*{20}l} mathcal{P}_{text{mark}} = left{vec{theta} in [0,1]^{c + 1} mid theta_{0} = 0, theta_{c} = 1right}.
Hence, the summand is maximized by outputting a symbol y with tally m y as small as possible (but nonzero because of the marking assumption) and, vice versa, minimized by outputting the symbol with the largest tally.
The theoretical analyses of the collusion-secure codes of [4, 9, 10] give mathematical upper bounds on the error rate under any attack provided that the appropriate marking assumption holds.
A further restriction on (vec {Theta }) in fingerprinting is the marking assumption, introduced by Boneh and Shaw [2], which says that θ 0=0 and θ c =1, i.e., if the pirates receive only zeros or ones, they have to output this symbol.
