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Local currencies, barter markets and networks of co-operatives are slowly developing.
However, the rise of markets and networks has disrupted these lines of accountability.
Application of economic models of demand, pricing, costs, and supply to airline markets and networks.
His research interests include algorithms, approximation algorithms, and algorithmic aspects of games, markets, and networks.
It points to the varied ways in which the informal authority of markets and networks constituted, supplemented, and supplanted the formal authority of governments.
They develop typologies of such governing structures most commonly bureaucracies, markets, and networks—and they identify the characteristics associated with each structure.
Similar(33)
Research from MIT's Initiative on the Digital Economy offers new insights into platform markets and network effects.
Research by Michael Schrage from MIT's Initiative on the Digital Economy offers new insights into platform markets and network effects.
Typically, these reforms are said to have led to a shift from a hierarchic bureaucracy toward a greater use of markets, quasi-markets, and networks, especially in the delivery of public services.
Firms rely on three different forms of organizing innovation: markets, hierarchy, and networks (Powell 1990; Williamson 1991).
Women entrepreneurs have limited access to credit, markets, training and networks.
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