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Simulations of a random cluster of 640 monodisperse spherical particles show a 77% reduction in Lagrangian markers with an error of 0.135% in computing the total drag.
The linkage map covering a total length of 1524.22 cM was constructed using 104 SSR markers, with an average coverage of 14.42 cM per marker.
DNA markers with an asterisk were developed by RGP (http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/E/publicdata/caps/index.html); those without an asterisk were developed in this study (Table 2).
Our results reinforce the importance of coupling differentially inherited markers with an extensive geographic sample to assess the evolutionary dynamics of recently diverged species that can hybridize.
Most PCR based DNA markers used for this study have already been published: Markers with an asterisk in Fig. 2 were designed by RGP (http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/E/publicdata/caps/index.html).html
Using the Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) approach, 2711 recombination bin markers with an average physical length of 137.68 kb were obtained, and a high-density genetic map was constructed.
The map comprises 1,255 markers with an average distance of 0.3 cM.
A total of 243 markers with an allelic frequency higher than 10% was included in the association analysis.
Even low-resolution genotyping can guide sequencing for this purpose by identifying a subset of cases who share markers with an affected relative.
For association analysis, we only considered genotyped markers or markers with an imputation quality r2_hat >0.6.
Each linkage group had 8 to 24 markers with an average of 14.7.
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