Another strength was the measurement of vitamins and their markers, which made it possible to show that the baseline tHcy concentration is a key determinant of the rate of atrophy and of the response to treatment.
A major advance in the study of the genetics of domestication came with the development of DNA markers, which made it possible to produce saturated linkage maps for many crops and then to determine, by looking for associations with these markers, how many and which regions of the genome carry factors affecting a given quantitative trait (quantitative trait loci or QTLs).
He said in an interview that neither condition has unequivocal biological markers, which makes it hard to determine whether a person has the condition.
However, AFLP and RAPD markers are anonymous markers, which make it difficult to compare and combine linkage maps.
The unpublished linkage map contained 858 microsatellite markers, including 271 BAC-derived microsatellite markers, which make it good resource for the physical map assessment.
However, many of these studies have drawn on small and nonrepresentative samples and have used a wide range of SES markers, which makes comparisons difficult.
The somatic metaphase chromosomes of radish are small and lack feasible markers, which make adequate identification of radish chromosome pairs difficult.
The narrow genetic base results in a very low polymorphism for the existing markers, which makes it impossible to construct a high-density genetic map in wax gourd.
Tracing large IBD-blocks within a known pedigree does not require dense markers, which makes IBD-GS less sensitive to marker density, compared to the more widely used IBS-GS.
Typically, researchers attempting to further refine gates sort independent populations of cells expressing high, low, or no levels of markers, which makes large numbers of tests difficult when dealing with rare populations (e.g., HSCs represent approximately 0.004% of mouse bone marrow cells, and only 800 1,200 are obtained from a typical mouse bone marrow) [4,14].
One drawback of this approach, however, is that it combines information from all available markers, which makes it difficult to judge the reliability of the ml-FFRs obtained (for instance, the inclusion of a single ancestrally shared or recently introgressed sequence in a dataset would cause the whole analysis to yield incorrect conclusions).
