Sentence examples for markers were normalized from inspiring English sources
The mean Cq-values of the mRNA markers were normalized against the mean Cq-value of BCR and expressed relative to a calibrator sample (MDA-MB-361, Ambion Inc., Austin, TX) using the 2ΔΔCq method [ 30].
The relative amounts of the mRNA levels of various markers were normalized to the GAPDH levels, respectively, and the relative difference in mRNA levels was calculated by 2 ΔΔCt method.
Altered cardiac, renal, and hemolysis plasma markers were normalized after 48 h following 78 km of running, suggesting that the impact of exercise-induced cardiac and kidney damage as well as hemolysis in the Mexican Tarahumara is low.
Concentrations of each urinary marker were normalized to those of urinary creatinine.
The level of expression of each marker was normalized to the expression of B2M, according to the delta Ct method [ 28] and results were reported as 2−delta Ct.
In both cases, the concentration of each marker was normalized to its corresponding concentration in a control pool; i.e., we are discussing relative rather than absolute concentrations of the metabolites in the profile.
Another advantage is the improved data quality, because the methylation marker is normalized to the reference gene present in the same reaction, thereby reducing the potential negative impact of for example pipetting errors when the reference gene is tested in a separate reaction.
The Low DNA Mass Ladder (Invitrogen) was used as a molecular marker, and samples were normalized by employing β-actin as a constitutive gene.
Levels of markers measured in units were normalized by dividing the units obtained in ELISA by the protein concentration for the sample to obtain units of ELISA protein per μg of protein.
The Low DNA Mass Ladder (Invitrogen) was used as a molecular marker, and the samples were normalized against the constitutively expressed β-actin gene.
The surface areas positive for CT, Nis and T4, markers of late thyroid differentiation, were normalized for the Nkx2-1 surfareaarepresentingtheg totalothyroidroid.
