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For most samples the expression levels of lymphocyte markers were equal.
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For biallelic markers, D' is equal to 1 if one or more of the four possible haplotypes is absent, and is < 1 if all four possible haplotypes are present.
If r 2 between two markers is equal in two populations, but their corresponding r has opposite sign, the gametic phase is reversed [ 16].
The average marker density (i.e. average distance in kb between two adjacent markers) was equal to 61.0 kb, ranging from 54.6 to 70.9 kb, and the average r 2 between adjacent markers within each 1 Mb window was 0.237, ranging from 0.192 to 0.269.
The obvious message from the graph is that, when D' = 1.0, the PAFs explained by the causative allele and by the marker are equal.
Marker data obtained were filtered using the following criteria: 1) monomorphic markers were removed; 2) markers were deleted when the frequency of heterozygotes per marker was equal to or higher than 5%, and 3) markers were deleted when the frequency of no-calls (NC) was equal to or higher than 50%.
In total, 4626 SLAF and one SSR markers were assigned to 30 LGs, which equals the chromosome number identified by Yabu et al [ 41].
Both teams were equals.
In addition, 100 artificial identical-by-descent (IBD) markers were positioned at equal distances on each chromosome.
In localized disease, there was a higher expression of CCR5 indicative for Th1 response whereas the two markers were expressed at equal levels in systemic disease (Table 1).
For adoptive cotransfer of CTLs, day 7 fully differentiated CD4creAMPKα1fl/+ (control) and CD4creAMPKα1fl/fl (AMPKα1null) CTLs with different CD45 congenic markers were mixed at equal ratio, CFSE labeled and injected intravenously into C57BL/6 Ly5.1 or Rag2-/ recipient mice.
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