Similar to German Landrace pigs, the TNF-α production by blood leukocytes from the Large White pigs increased significantly from pre- to post-infection, whereas the expression of this marker remained constant independent of the infection time when Pietrain and Hampshire cells were used.
As expected, the level of Olig2 transcripts also increased during differentiation, whereas the expression of the pluripotent gene marker Sox2 remained constant during cell culture.
In the present study, however, signs of endothelial activation or HFD-mediated inflammation were not found, as the expression of endothelial activation markers (ICAM, VCAM) remained constant and influx of inflammatory cells in the myocardium was not observed.
However, GEDVI, as a marker of preload, remained constant in our study, whereas CVP also decreased, arguing against a major contribution of increased cardiac preload to the rising CI.
Another striking finding is the continuous and marked rise in FGF23 although other bone-mineral markers remained more constant during the maintenance phase.
A study by Louie et al [ 6] indicated that the Bacteroides population, as a marker of normal gut flora, remained constant or even increased slightly over the 10-day duration of treatment.
In contrast, the expression of other CSC markers such as CD133 and Lgr5 remained constant over time (Supplementary Figure 2a).
The expression of endothelial markers was tested every culture passages and remained constant during cell culture for the three cell lines (Table 2).
Moreover, the fraction of MOLT-4 cells expressing the standard proliferation marker Ki67 during synchronous growth (85 95%; determined by FACS analysis) remained constant and was similar to the proportion that was Ki67-positive in asynchronous culture (data not shown).
