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Immunochemical markers of joint inflammation, skeletal damage and repair: where are we now ?
To investigate associations of biochemical markers of joint metabolism and inflammation with minimum joint space width (JSW) and osteophyte area (OP area) of knees showing no or doubtful radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) and to investigate whether these differed between painful and non-painful knees.
As the fragmented molecules of type II collagen have shown promise as molecular markers of joint disease, it is likely that identification of cleavage fragments and other post-translational modifications (PTMs), including cross-linking and isomerization from various minor collagens in cartilage may produce unique joint disease-specific biomarkers.
Specific fragments of cartilage proteins have been identified as specific markers of joint damage.
The primary end points were changes in symptoms and function, with secondary end points of changes in joint structure or in markers of joint structure.
According to our data, col II and YKL40 are good candidates for use as robust, early and sensitive markers of joint instability.
Similar(47)
Proteolytic aggrecan fragments are early markers of joint-matrix damage [ 13], and increased levels of proteoglycan in SF were reported in acute injury and acute inflammatory arthritis [ 18- 21].
The original technique includes the dorsal skin of toe PIPJ as a marker of joint viability, while a modified technique uses the skin flap of the great toe and the dorsal foot.
De-novo expression of TN-C appears to be a reliable marker of joint injury/disease.
It can thus be speculated that MMP-3 may be a useful predictive marker of joint destruction at disease onset prior to treatment.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be the most important mediator of angiogenesis and there is good evidence to suggest that this molecule should be considered a candidate marker of joint damage in RA [ 40, 41].
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