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A chromosome segment flanked by two markers of donor type (DD) was considered to have a 100% donor type; a chromosome segment flanked by two markers of recipient type (RR) was considered to be 0% donor type; a chromosome segment flanked by one marker of donor type and one marker of recipient type (DR) was considered to be 50% donor type.
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In our previous study, we analyzed the origin of de novo formed bone in the transplantation model of osteogenic matrix cell sheets using the sex-determining region Y (Sry) gene as a marker of donor cells.
For experiments on congenic strains, flanking markers of the donor regions where used.
Six weeks after irradiation, 95±1%1% of circulating leukocytes expressed the phenotypic marker of the donor bone marrow.
This system could easily be configured with other blood group markers for identification of donors with rare blood types or blood units for IH panels or antigens from other systems.
This phenomenon appeared to depend upon tissue injury since expression of donor cell markers never was detected in non-irradiated mice (Rizvi et al. 2006).
The divergence between the strains provides a high density of genetic markers; the donor and recipient genomes differ at 2.34% of alignable nucleotide positions (at SNVs), and ~10% of each genome is absent from the other (at indels and other rearrangements, i.e., SVs), typical for a pair of H. influenzae isolates (Harrison et al. 2005; Hogg et al. 2007; Mell et al. 2011).
This was established using confocal microscopy and immunohistochemical, or histochemical co-detection of donor and recipient markers in the same epithelial cell (Figure 1C-I and Figure S4A C).
Again, cell fusion was apparent in the DSS-induced colons of these animals by co-detection of donor and recipient markers using confocal microscopy (β-gal and GFP; Figure 2B D).
In thus transplanted mice, representatives of all cell lineages derived from intestinal crypt stem cells (absorptive columnar, enteroendocrine, goblet and Paneth cells) showed expression of chromosomal markers characterizing donor BMD cells.
An allotype marker was used to allow identification of donor T cells in recipients several months after transfer to irradiated recipients.
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