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The relationship between breast stem cells and gain of mesenchymal markers is further supported by a recent report that demonstrated that the ectopic expression of transcription factors (TFs) known to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) resulted in the generation of breast cells with stem cell properties [ 12].
The need for a web-based database that includes a comprehensive overview of different genetic markers is further illustrated by an increasing awareness that the resolution necessary to support Symbiodinium species classification indeed requires such a combination of genetic markers [ 28, 30].
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These markers were further verified by accurate mass tandem mass and retention times of available reference standards.
Cluster analysis using microsatellite markers was further carried out on the matrix of similarity coefficient with UPGMA method and the phenogram was constructed.
The markers were further used to assess the presence of the two blast R-genes in 434 rice accessions, consisting of 377 Chinese indica cultivars/breeding materials and 57 Chinese japonica cultivars/breeding materials.
Those polymorphic SSR markers were further used for phylogeny analysis and the results showed a complex genetic architecture among genera but a relatively uniform structure in the same genus.
After identifying rice chromosome 5 as the location of the most significant genetic factor for floury endosperm characteristics, 14 additional SSR markers were further incorporated into the linkage map skeleton to increase marker density (see Table 4; Locus, Ap = 2, 3).
The Pi9-Pro and Pi2-LRR markers were further validated for their specificity to Pi2 or Pi9 in monogenic lines harboring blast resistance genes in the Pi2/9 locus, including IRBLz5-CA (Piz-5 = Pi2), IRBL9-W (Pi9), IRBLzt-T (Piz-t) and IRBLz-Fu (Piz) (Tsunematsu et al. 2000).
At eight weeks after infection the expression of the M1 markers iNOS and CXCL11 was significantly increased, and these markers were further upregulated at 26 weeks of infection (Fig. 4A).
Only such markers were further used for validation.
Expression of lymphatic markers was further analyzed by immunological methods.
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