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In most cases, the loss of DNA in allopolyploids is unidirectional, with the elimination of fragments from one parental genome only [ 35]; incidentally, if applied to Clonopsis parthenogens, this would explain why AFLP markers have lost most (but not all) traces of the hybridizations leading to C. gallica and C. soumiae strains.
Due to new treatment regimens, especially the introduction of rituximab in therapy protocols, several of the established markers have lost their prognostic potential., Therefore, identification of new prognostic markers that can guide the treatment strategy for NHL patients in the rituximab era is a major goal.
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Larger studies are necessary to explore the possibility that basal epithelial markers may mark ER+ cancers that have lost wt BRCA1.
The Hec50 and AN3CA cell lines represent aggressive type 2 endometrial cancers that have lost epithelial markers including E-cadherin and ESR1 and gained mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin and vimentin, indicative of EMT.
Moreover, recent data indicate that CTCs represent a heterogeneous population that includes cells that have lost epithelial markers and have undergone EMT.
A few fully differentiated human cells have lost SOX9 marker expression and form air-sacs of similar size to mouse alveoli with AEC1 marker (AQP5 and HOPX) expression (Fig. 3C E).
Plasmid segregation was calculated according to Christianson et al. (1992), by monitoring plasmid retention after cells are shifted from non-selective to selective media, and by expressing the number of cells that have lost the marker as a function of generation time.
The method is best illustrated by following one class of viable F2 recombinant progeny from a mapping cross: those that have lost both dominant markers present on the mapping chromosome (follow the "+,+" gametes in Figure 1, B and C).
At this stage, it is possible to isolate viral plaques that have lost the selectable marker and test them in order to identify a deletion mutant virus and to distinguish it from wild-type viruses.
Of 80 tested clones cures from λ-Int/Xis-helper plasmid, more than 80% have lost the TcR marker of integrated CRIM plasmid, as well.
Students observe that most flies have red eyes, and these red-eyed flies have lost variation at the near marker but maintained variation at the far marker hence observing a "selective sweep" and the "hitchhiking" of a nearby neutral variant.
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