Importantly, the on-demand release of PTHrP 107 111 had a pro-osteogenic effect, as shown by the enhancement of alkaline phosphatase activity, an early osteogenic marker, which correlated with increased expression of the osteogenic genes osteopontin and osteocalcin.
Immunological correlates of protection are measurable and specific biological markers which correlate with protection against disease caused by an infectious pathogen.
As a proof of concept, 51 ovarian cancer tissues were profiled retrospectively for the expression of 30 000 human genes by microarray analysis to identify expression markers which correlate with clinical outcome in response to a combination treatment of taxol and platinum.
In the degranulation assay, the cytotoxicity of NK cells was determined by measuring the cell surface expression of the lysosomal marker, CD107a, which correlates with NK cell cytotoxicity [ 19].
Next, CD10 which is a surface marker of BCP and which correlates with CD99 in BCP-ALL may physically interact with HSP70.
Plasma NGAL is a novel marker of kidney function, which correlates to duration of end-stage renal failure (ESRD) and serum creatinine in uraemic patients awaiting kidney transplantation.
Furthermore, we observed an expansion of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal arising from an ISC-specific marker (delta-Gal4 UAS-nlsGFP), which correlates with the increase in mitotic index in these guts.
Autophagy was assessed by Western blot analysis of the autophagosome marker LC3B‐II (1/500, Cell Signaling), which correlates with the number of autophagosomes.
The levels of GFAP and S100β, markers of astrocyte lineage, were also enhanced, which correlates with immunostaining results.
These studies have documented a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome which correlates with disease activity and markers of atherosclerosis.
