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Furthermore, the notion that GFP per cell is a marker of hypertrophy yields 2 predictions.
Annexin 5 expression was assessed as a marker of hypertrophy and apoptosis as described previously [ 11], and as directed by the supplier (Sigma).
In this sense, the mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a molecular marker of hypertrophy, was increased in the left ventricle of ZDF.
Type X collagen is a marker of hypertrophy, whereas ALP, OC, OPN and COL1A1 are bone matrix proteins synthesized by osteoblasts [ 24- 26].
Hypertrophic chondrocytes are characterized by their increased levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), reduced levels of type II and IX collagens, and the emergence of type X collagen (Col X), which is a specific marker of hypertrophy [ 1, 2].
Hypertrophy in NRVMs was validated by immunostaining with ANP antibody showing enhanced perinuclear localization of ANP as a marker of hypertrophy after 24 h of stimulation with PE (Supplementary Figure S1G).
Similar(52)
In addition, several signaling processes involving fetal gene re-expression, activation of protein translocation, increase in mass, and enlargement of cell size/volume have been identified as markers of hypertrophy as a response to hemodynamic overload [24].
In contrast, 129S1/SvImJ mice had delayed transition to decompensated heart failure, with relatively mild alterations in histology and markers of hypertrophy at five weeks post-TAC and preserved systolic function until eight weeks post-TAC, suggesting that 129S1/SvImJ genetic modifiers might protect against the earlier and more severe pathological changes seen in C57BL/6J mice [39].
Two markers of hypertrophy (protein/cell and GFP/cell) correlated.
Additional markers of hypertrophy would have confirmed this result.
These animals developed a similar degree of hypertrophy and similar increases in molecular markers of hypertrophy as wild-type littermates [ 13].
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