Transport studies using radiolabeled mannitol as a marker for the transport of compounds across the BBB revealed a 2-fold increase of transport at day 14 p.i., when the clinical signs of EAE were most abundant [25].
Each VLDL particle has exactly one apoB molecule attached which makes apoB a suitable marker for triglyceride transport.
Since they are not used for human purposes, these compounds can act as markers for the transport of animal pharmaceuticals to the watershed.
Immunohistochemical staining of βAPP however is intense in swollen axons of chronic-active MS lesions and is now widely accepted as marker for impaired axonal transport to demonstrate axonal damage in MS [ 122].
As expected, Exo2 acted as a secretion inhibitor, blocking the ER-to-Golgi export of tsO45-G (temperature-sensitive vesicular-stomatitis virus-G mutant)–YFP (yellow fluorescent protein), a classic marker for secretory protein transport [ 38, 39].
NGF-dependent differentiation after 7 days treatment in PC12 cells was evidenced by expression of the dopamine transporter, a marker for dopamine generation [ 42] and transport, and decreased nestin immunoreactivity, indicating loss of undifferentiated phenotype [ 43] [See Additional file 1; Figure 1B].
In contrast, Bodipy-CE as a marker for esterified cholesterol was transported to the bile-canalicular membrane concomitantly with HDL in polarized primary hepatocytes [28].
Furthermore, the data were confirmed by using another marker for acute disturbance of axonal transport (SPY) (Fig. 3B).
Antibodies to the proteins XRN1 (a marker for P bodies), Staufen (RNA transport granules) and SC-35 (nuclear speckles) did not co-localize with these granules (Supplementary Material, Fig. S1A, B and C).
It then acts as a good inert, immobile marker for the purpose of measuring the transport numbers of metal and oxygen, and thus confirms the immobility of the noble gas markers used previously.
