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The analytical conditions for recording chromatograms of the marker compounds in Rhodiola samples were as follows.
Six sesquiterpenoids and three triterpenoids were selected as marker compounds in OSC-PLS.
The marker compounds in samples were estimated by comparing the retention times and mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios with the reference standards.
The average levels of these two major marker compounds in all the seven accessions showed significant quantitative variation (ANOVA, p < 0.05) between mean levels of marker compounds and their accumulation in different parts of the plant viz.
The mean levels of the two marker compounds in representative samples from all the seven collected populations showed significant quantitative variation (ANOVA, p < 0.05) between mean levels of both the marker compounds (Table 2).
Furthermore, the contents of marker compounds in three adulterants species, G. purdomii, G. microdonta and G. robusta, were quite similar to the samples of "Long-Dan" and "Qin-Jiao", respectively.
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Figure 4 Relative production of marker compounds aurofusarin in G2 and G142 (a), and PC3 in G24 (b).
As water depth decreased (i.e. from 56 to 15 cm) and sediment redox potential increased (i.e. from −250 to 234 mV) in the wetland series, concentrations of oil marker compounds decreased in outflows of the wetland cells.
From this result it can be assumed that active ingredients with physicochemical drug characteristics similar to the marker compounds used in the diffusion test would exhibit similar diffusion behaviour.
A pictorial representation of the detoxification strategy used is shown in Figure 2, and the LC-MS spectra of marker compounds are shown in Figure 3. Figure 2 Representation of Shodhana and TCM detoxification process applied for selected Aconitum species (A) Drug treated with cow urine (B) Drug boiled in cow milk (C) Pre-soaked drug subjected to decoction with water.
The chemical structures of the eight reference marker compounds are listed in Figure 1. Figure 1 Chemical structures of the eight reference marker compounds.
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