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GHR-KO mice were generated by insertional mutagenesis that disrupted the Ghr/bp gene; this results in decreased hepatic production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which leads to markedly reduced levels of circulating IGF-1, a reduced growth rate, an approximately 20% reduction in adulthood length, and an approximately 40% reduction in adult body weight [ Zhou et al., 1997].
These women had markedly reduced levels of Lactobacillus, and the researchers showed that P. bivia was associated with high levels of an inflammation-promoting compound called lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Crypt cell proliferation, however, appeared intact in Elf3-deficient mice.Elf3-deficient enterocytes express markedly reduced levels of the transforming growth factor β type II receptor (TGF-β RII), an inducer of intestinal epithelial differentiation.
The muscle weakness and increased risk of irregular heart beat in TPP result from markedly reduced levels of potassium in the bloodstream.
In concordance with our results, each study showed markedly reduced levels of cadherins in their respective tissues.
Markedly reduced levels of mitochondrial proteins and activities and increased abnormal and damaged mitochondria have been reported in AD brains [8], [9], [10], [11].
Treatment with U18666A markedly reduced levels of "mutant" p53 in axons and growth cones, an effect also blocked by Y27632 (Figure S5).
Each of the infected mice developed markedly reduced levels of an OVA-specific IgG antibody compared to the controls (Fig. 6A).
The mice treated with either TOY3 or TOY8 had markedly reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in plasma (Figure 8C), and fewer thrombi in the blood vessels (Figure 8D).
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