Hyperphosphatemia is commonly found in patients with advanced CKD and has been implicated in the markedly higher incidence of cardiovascular mortality, as well as of visceral and peripheral vascular calcification in these patients [ 20].
Stressed cells markedly enhance RAGE expression which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases including sepsis, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease (6, 8, 9).
Microglial cells have been implicated in AD mainly because of their markedly elevated distribution in brain regions with Aβ deposition, and their pro-inflammatory functions [23].
Consistent with our second hypothesis, qRT-PCR confirmed that at least three genes implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH were markedly up-regulated: Has2, Hapln3 and Retlna.
Endothelial activation is markedly enhanced and associated with disease characteristics that further are strongly implicated in increased cardiovascular risk, and hence constitutes a promising tool in the elucidation of atherogenic mechanisms in RA [ 44- 47].
In addition, several mutations directed at residues implicated in allosteric regulation in Escherichia coli CPS either abolish or markedly suppress complementation and further define the functional importance of the allosteric regulatory region.
Poly(ADP-ribose polymerase (PADP-ribose polymeraseted in DNA rePARP mechasisms and the associated activity shown to markedly increase after DNA damage in carcinogen-treated cells.
Lcn2 (lipocalin 2), recently implicated in the development of obesity and insulin resistance [36], [37], was markedly suppressed by UAG treatment.
Additionally, IFN-γ has been shown to be markedly increased in CNS tissues during HIV-1 infection in the brain and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of HAD [57].
ERBB4 activation markedly activated Rac1, which has well-established links to cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration, and which is implicated in cancer cell invasion and metastasis (Parri & Chiarugi, 2010).
The Fas-FasL pathway was also implicated in the control of Treg apoptosis in studies of FasL mutant (gld) mice; these contain markedly increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ Tregs within the CD4 population [26].
