The hallmarks of the model include polyarticular inflammation, marked bone resorption, and periosteal bone proliferation.
It is characterized by reliable, rapid onset and progression and easily measurable polyarticular inflammation, marked bone resorption, and periosteal bone proliferation [ 9].
This model is robust, the incidence rate of the disease is 100%, and AIA in rats shares many features with RA in humans, such as inflammation, marked bone resorption and periosteal bone proliferation [ 33].
Prominent features of this arthritic lesion were the marked bone erosion, especially in the area of the bone and cartilage junction where marked synovial proliferation was seen with evidence of significant angiogenesis (Fig. 1e).
In the autogenous bone graft group, marked bone formation was seen from 6 weeks after graft.
In the group that received a frozen allogeneic bone graft, marked bone formation was seen from 9 weeks after graft.
In the rh-BMP2-induced rh-BMP2-induced rh-BMP2-inducedd bonectopiction was seen from 3 weeks after graft.
Exclusion criteria were infection, revision arthroplasty, marked bone loss, medication with bone-active drugs, or severe morbidity.
Dashed lines mark bone marrow (bm), compact bone (cb), growth plate (gp) and metaphyseal (mp) bone regions.
It consists of an electromagnetically tracked pencil that is used to mark bone intraoperatively.
