It was suggested that in populations with low per capita income cigarette smoking marked relative affluence, which itself protected against renal disease.
She had left a Britain marked by private affluence and public squalor.
And as art historian Deborah Willis writes, his photographs "show us lives marked both by notable affluence and hard work, all imbued with a strong sense of individuality, self-creation and often joy". After Mangum's death in 1922, his glass plate negatives were stored, out of sight, in a tobacco barn on his family farm for 50 years.
In this corner of Eastern Europe, where land ownership has always been a mark of affluence as well as a means of subsistance, the Communist authorities seized millions of acres of privately owned land between 1949 and 1962, including virtually all of Romania's most fertile flatlands.
The second part showed that refuge collection came of age in the postwar consumer boom, when disposability became a mark of affluence, the dark shadow, as one rubbish historian (or rather, historian of rubbish) called it, that we are forever trying to get rid of.
While dissipating black affluence can't be completely blamed on Obama, 2009 marked a huge drop in black wealth, which widened the ever-lopsided wealth ratios between blacks and whites in the U.S. "Sadly -- and it pains me to say this -- over the last decade, black folk, in the era of Obama, have lost ground in every major economic category," Smiley told host Alyona Minkovski.
But Mr. Viñoly said that by devoting himself to a building marked by clarity and elegance — "Not all gold and glass, like Donald Trump" — Mr. Macklowe was in fact redefining the aesthetics of affluence in a second Gilded Age.
In societies marked by dietary scarcity — which is to say in practically any period before the twentieth century and in practically any present-day country outside the developed world — bodily bulk functions as a visible mark of power, affluence, and even good humor.
The county also marks the western tip of the biggest cluster of affluence in the country.
A lower score indicates lower affluence and conversely, higher indices indicate greater affluence (possible range of 0.0 to 10.0) [ 38].
For Mr. Marks, the key variable was the new affluence that spawned "conspicuous artistic consumption," evident in both churches and private homes.
