At best, Mr. Brown said, the F.A.A. and the industry expect "marginal, incremental steps" aimed at improving on-time performance.
In the first phase, the second author read over the transcripts and noted key ideas in the margins (a step known as marginal coding) (Miles & Huberman, 1994).
"Marginal" is one step better than the institute's worst rating of "poor".
Instead of merging the communities with the maximum marginal gain, in step 4 we estimate the influence propagation of C i through the entire graph, i.e., σ V (C i ), and then compute the average influence received by C j from C i, which is defined as ∑ l ∈ C i ∑ r ∈ C j p V ( l, r ) | C j |, for all the communities C j ≠C i.
This is done by means of marginal moment matching steps, which can be computed easily.
Finally, we examined the support for several competing alternative topologies pertaining to the position of the ctenophores by estimating and comparing their marginal likelihoods using stepping stone integration and Bayes factor analysis [ 23, 24].
(a) two-step CFAR detector with marginal PDFs; (b) Two-step CFAR detector with conditional PDF.
A5: The new marginal distributions at time step k are Gaussian distribution and are generated from observations at time step k as: {f}_{gamma}^jleft({mathbf{x}}_{i,k}right)=Nleft({mathbf{x}}_{i,k};{mathbf{m}}_{gamma}^j,{mathbf{P}}_{gamma}^jright),j=1cdots M (17).
A4: Each target follows a linear Gaussian dynamic model, and the sensor has a linear Gaussian measurement model, i.e., A5: The new marginal distributions at time step k are Gaussian distribution and are generated from observations at time step k as: where ( {mathbf{P}}_{gamma}^j ) is the covariance matrix of new distribution j, and ( {mathbf{m}}_{gamma}^j ) is the mean of new distribution j.
In the second step, the marginal threshold is considered.
