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This study was designed to investigate the distance between extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesions and primary tumors, and to suggest the optimal margin of normal parenchyma in NSS for RCC 4 cm or less.
Depending on the tumour's size and location, NSS options include segmental polar nephrectomy, wedge resection, transverse resection and enucleation, to obtain complete tumour excision with a proper margin of normal tissue, and preservation of the maximum possible amount of functioning renal parenchyma.
The circumferential margin of normal bony tissue was also removed with a high-speed burr.
Conservative surgery involved macroscopic excision of the residual primary tumour with a surrounding margin of normal tissue.
Quadrantectomy was performed by removing the primary tumour and a 2 to 3 cm margin of normal mammary tissue.
In all cases, the treated area included the tumour and a 1.5 2.0 cm margin of normal breast tissue around the tumour.
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4 Dutch guidelines recommend pigmented skin lesions suspect for melanoma to be removed through a diagnostic excision biopsy with a minimal lateral clearance of 2 mm. 5 This recommendation is inline with the advice of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to remove any suspicious lesion through excisional biopsy with a narrow margin of normal-appearing skin.
Supratotal resection, including margins of normal tissue, is desirable as long as surgical complications are kept to a minimum, but only achievable in selected tumors by very experienced surgeons.
Thermal mapping is required to obtain profiles of the temperature across the tumor dimensions, including margins of normal tissue.
The poor reproducibility of SClJ erosions may be attributable to often poorly defined cortical margins of normal SClJ seen on MRI studies, due to curved joint surfaces, as well as to the slice thickness used [ 29].
Care was taken to ensure that tumor tissue samples obtained for MGMT activity were adjacent to tumor submitted for pathology and were distant from the margins of normal brain.
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