The proteomic map of pathogenic trypanosomatids has been assessed for the identification of virulence factors and stage-specific proteins and even for the characterisation of immunogenic molecule candidates for vaccines or diagnosis.
Ketamine's illicit status makes this a difficult patient group to study, and so the full extent and incidence of the problem within the population is unknown, and poor documentation of ketamine usage with respect to the development of functional/structural bladder changes has hindered the causal and staged mapping of the pathogenic pathway.
Immunization of BALB/c mice with an octameric form of this peptide (DWEYS-MAP) results in production of pathogenic IgG anti-dsDNA antibodies, glomerular immunoglobulin deposition, proteinuria as well as excitotoxic neuronal loss following a breach in the blood-brain barrier [28], [29], [32].
Sequence reads of the metagenomic datasets were mapped onto published genomes of pathogenic bacteria to reconstruct genomic sequences of putative pathogenic and closely related bacteria within biogas communities.
These unique properties have enabled solutions to some previously intractable biological problems, such as mapping of methylated bases in pathogenic microbes [ 15] and sequencing of disease-associated trinucleotide repeats [ 16].
The map may also accelerate the discovery of pathogenic gene clusters [ 16].
With all probability, an important subset of pathogenic mtDNA variations map to the mt-rRNA genes; however, they remain the most difficult genes in which to confirm the pathogenicity of an mtDNA variant.
This ultra-frequent DNA cutter also has potential application to other DNA manipulation methods, including ultrasensitive DNA labelling/amplification, high resolution restriction mapping, RFLP, single-copy genes amplifications, metagenomics, and detection/identification of pathogenic microorganisms without culturing.
On the other hand, MAP-kinases are also important for plant systemic resistance, biocontrol of pathogenic fungi and mycoparasitism as shown for several Trichoderma spp. [ 80- 83].
In 2004, the EE locus was identified by autozygosity mapping in a region of chromosome 19, demonstrating the presence of a cohort of pathogenic mutations in the responsible gene, termed ETHE1, for ethylmalonic encephalopathy 1 (Tiranti et al, 2004).
