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The data indicated that about 16 21% of the small RNAs matched with rRNAs, tRNAs, snRNAs and snoRNAs (Figure 2C and 2D), ∼24% mapped to repeat sequences, including transposons and retrotransposons, and ∼1.2% mapped to protein-coding exons.
Consistent with earlier studies, we found that a large proportion of all aligned reads mapped to repeat elements.
Of the SNPs identified, 1,832,801 (53%) mapped to repeat containing regions of the genome [ 27, 28].
Cloned rasiRNAs were found to be distributed on various chromosomes and mapped to repeat sequences mostly corresponding to retrotransposons in both sense and antisense orientation.
After removal of the reads that mapped to repeat regions, including the rRNAs and tRNAs, the remaining 711,851 reads were uniquely mapped either to ORFs or IGRs.
The beginning 50 bp of each quality screened Illumina read were used to align to the Newbler assembly by BOWTIE (version 0.12.7) with allowed mismatch positions of no more than 3. Read pairs with both reads mapped to repeat regions, or unpaired reads mapped to repeat regions, were excluded from the read data set.
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However, many of the short reads obtained from the foot printing experiment will be discarded if they map to repeat regions.
These probe sets contain either a single probe or overlapping probes and furthermore, almost all probes map to repeat masked regions and thus were left out in the new chip definition.
Probes that map to multiple locations to the genome as well as probes mapping to repeat-masked regions were left out during the reannotation process in order to avoid artefacts caused by cross-hybridisation.
After mapping of reads and removal of duplicate mappings (i.e. reads mapping to repeat regions like rRNAs), 15.96 and 2.65 million reads were mapped uniquely to the genome from the whole and the primary transcriptome library, respectively (Table 1).
Subsequently, the percentages of reads mapping to repeat families were calculated (Table 3).
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