The mapping of Cl in the SEM polished cross-sections (results not shown) in fact was coincident with the non pigmented layers on top of the stratigraphy of those samples.
To check the effect of the higher density linkage map on joint-linkage analysis, we also conducted one fivefold cross-validation analysis of joint-linkage mapping of CL with the 0.2 cM resolution map.
The presence of the N-induced non-radiative centers (characteristic in N-diluted alloys) [16] together with the higher compositional inhomogeneities is a possible explanation for the degradation of the PL. Figure 3 HRTEM images and strain maps of CLs.
Continued refinement of the mapping of CLs by FTICR MS (Solarix XR, FTICR, Bruker Daltonics, Billerica, MA) permitted us to (i) obtain images of 17 CL species at 100 μm resolution and to map a larger area encompassing the hippocampus and (ii) map masses for individual CL species to a 0.001 Da mass accuracy.
Using this approach, we have (1) visualized and mapped multiple CL species, (2) performed structural MS/MS fragmentation and mapping of CLs with identified fatty acid residues, and (3) demonstrated a nonrandom distribution of individual polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing and non-PUFA containing CLs in different anatomical areas of the brain.
Our method also allowed structural MS/MS fragmentation and mapping of CLs with identified fatty acid residues and demonstrated a nonrandom distribution of individual oxidizable (polyunsaturated fatty acid containing) and nonoxidizable (nonpolyunsaturated containing) CLs in different anatomical areas of the brain.
When combined with augmented matrix application, these modifications allowed the visualization and mapping of multiple CL species in various regions of the brain including the thalamus, hippocampus, and cortex.
To our knowledge, this method is the first label-free approach for molecular mapping of diversified CLs in brain tissue.
Figure 5 (a) Wavelength CL map of detailed area shown in Fig. 3c, shaded for integrated CL intensity.
Furthermore, a comparison of CL and Raman mapping clearly illustrates that the size of the dark defect-expanded regions observed in CL images around indentation coincides well with the profile of red regions with high compressive stress.
