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Using the human-bovine comparative map implemented in VCMap3.0 [ 42], orthologous human genome regions corresponding to candidate bovine windows were located.
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A linkage map was constructed by using the linkage mapping function implemented in the QTL IciMapping software (Meng et al. 2015).
Map distances were calculated using the Haldane mapping function implemented in JoinMap 4.0.
However, mapping implemented in TopHat helped to mitigate the influence these different classes of transcripts have on genome-wide expression values.
Imaging data were analyzed with statistical parametric mapping implemented in SPM5 software (http//: www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm) (see Supplemental Experimental Procedures).
Likelihood mapping implemented in Tree Puzzle (version 5.2) was used to determine if sufficient phylogenetic signal was present for the group M consensus sequence alignment prior to tree reconstruction.
Identification of QTL for gene expression traits was performed based on the 40 extreme lines using interval mapping implemented in MapQTL [ 35].
The alignments were examined using the PTP (permutation probability) test implemented in PAUP [ 57] and also analysed with likelihood mapping implemented in TreePuzzle [ 58] (default parameters used in both cases).
The mixed-model based composite interval mapping implemented in QTLNetwork v2.0 (Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China), and described in [ 72], was used for the QTL mapping analysis and run with two-year two-location input data and three replications per location.
Likelihood mapping, implemented in TREE-PUZZLE to inspect the phylogenetic signal of the alignment (Additional file 2: Table S2), showed a relevant value for both alignments that was slightly reduced when rodents and tree shrew were included.
We used the feature-enhanced 2 F o – F c maps implemented in PHENIX to reduce the model bias and to enable unambigous density interpretation (Afonine et al., 2015).
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