However, there does not exist such a structure in many cases because a mapping between chemical structures and feature vectors is not surjective and thus there are many vectors in a feature space that do not have preimages.
This risk factor may well be linked back to aspects of vector bionomics, with many vectors in these regions associating with or near households in general (Singh et al., 2008; Poche et al., 2011; Uranw et al., 2013).
However, many vectors, particularly in Asia and South America (but also in Africa), prefer animals to humans for their blood meals (are zoophilic) or feed early in the evening or outside of houses, where they will be less likely to encounter LLINs or IRS.
In the past, the use of DDT in agriculture was considered a major cause of DDT resistance in malaria vectors, as many vectors breed in agricultural environments (Mouchet 1988).
Many vectors are implicated in spore dissemination, such as carnivores that are less susceptible to anthrax than herbivores and avian scavengers.
Another application is in the generation of libraries for expression screening in which two genes need to be cloned in many vectors while varying the order of the genes, the promoters, and optimized RBS sites.
The T7 RNA amplification step requires a T7 promoter, which is present in many vectors.
Because their antigen-binding domain consists of a single variable domain (referred to as VHH), which have smaller size [ 3], high level and stable expression in many vectors (such as Escherichia coli [ 7], Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ 8], tobacco plants [ 9] and Lactobacilli [ 10]), better tissue penetration, enlarge the antigen binding repertoire [ 11] and low immunogenicity.
In fact, many vectors have now been developed and the improvement in the technology can be seen on two main fronts.
Many vector species in the neotropics are exophagic and exophilic (Table 1), with the notable exceptions of An. darlingi, Anopheles albimanus, and Anopheles nuneztovari (see the summary below for Latin American ICEMR), which display endo/exophagy depending on host availability and environmental characteristics.
"Weiner" offers a microcosm of the many vectors of power that converge in a politician's decision to run for office, the most poignant of which is familial.
