Many surface modification techniques have been adopted to produce nano-functionalized biomaterials surface, and in this paper, the fabrication, characterization, and properties of biomaterials such as ceramics, metals, and polymers with nanostructured surfaces are reviewed.
Radical nitriding is one of many surface modification methods, and it is possible to improve surface hardness by maintaining the roughness of the initial surface by control of the plasma.
Although many surface modification techniques have been developed to make PDMS surface hydrophilic, induced hydrophilic states are only temporary: PDMS' inherent hydrophobicity will return after a period of time [4, 5].
As reported by many literatures, surface modification and cation codoping can overcome Jahn-Teller distortion [29].
Many methods involving nanofluids and surface modifications have been investigated to enhance the CHF.
Amines, as well-known functional groups, have been used in many studies for surface modification of different types of adsorbents.
According to previous works, many results on surface modification of polymers induced by pure individual chemical element ion implantation to control their biocompatibility have been reported [13 22].
The literature describing the preparation of Ag-NPs is particularly broad since the classical colloid methods are combined with modern nanotechnology leading to many procedures for surface modification, particle size control, particle preparation [5].
As a result, many research works have been carried out to improve surface modifications on existing implants to achieve the desired biological responses.
The surface modification of MNPs is quite challenging for many applications, as it involves surfactant-coating for steric stability, or surface modifications that results in repulsive electrostatic force.
