Power lines are down and many hospitals, schools and sanitation systems have been severely damaged.
Container-based sanitation systems could in theory address many of the technical, financial and political challenges of making long-term sanitation infrastructure investments in low-income urban communities.
In addition, the existing sanitation systems are deteriorating due to many-imperfection care.
But upfront costs for sanitation systems can be expensive, and in many cases more wells are simply dug.
In Liberia, diarrhea — caused almost entirely by poorly funded sanitation systems — kills 3,000 annually, or roughly as many as have perished from Ebola in the country.
But the ongoing deterioration of the country's infrastructure -- particularly its health and sanitation systems and its energy supply -- has left many North Koreans in a continued downward spiral.
The country is the largest democracy on Earth with an advanced economy, a highly educated population, and cutting-edge space and nuclear weapons programs but like many nations, India hasn't been able to provide adequate clean water and sanitation systems for its growing population.
Damage to social infrastructure, including water and sanitation systems, health facilities and schools, has been very extensive in many parts.
At the end of the project cycle, many communities still depended on implementing agencies for the operation and maintenance of their water and sanitation systems.
There are many factors that contribute to such contamination, but the most important is proximity to groundwater pollution from sanitation systems.
