However, many pretreatment methods can cause severe surface damage.
Many pretreatment strategies, such as hot-water pretreatment, focus on removing a significant fraction of lignin from biomass to enable better hydrolysis.
Standard sample pretreatment protocols and the capacity for quantitatively analyzing specific target applications are needed to advance future SERS technologies.
Three different pretreatment protocols were used after preparation of the Ag/Ni deposits; as prepared, cathodised in alkali and scanned in acid.
Depending on the prion protein of interest, PrPC or PrPSc, two different pretreatment protocols were used.
Over the past several decades, many pretreatment approaches have been developed.
Many pretreatment studies are performed in small, batch-type reactors.
Histologic pretreatment protocols were performed by an independent laboratory assistant in all cases.
The feasibility of many pretreatment technologies has been proven at bench and pilot scales.
While high xylan-to-xylose yields are possible by many pretreatment technologies, fermentation inhibitors generated within pretreatment processes may lower fermentation yields.
