There are many endoscopic and pathologic factors that may affect the outcome results of IND, including the number of biopsies (sampling error), frequency/interval of surveillance endoscopy, and correct pathologic interpretation (dysplasia detected on the follow-up biopsies of IND being true dysplasia in the first place vs subsequently developed, histologically confirmed dysplasia).
Many clinical, biohumoral and pathologic factors had been considered to indicate better treatment.
In the present study, many available preoperative clinical and pathologic factors were investigated by univariate analyses using the Kaplan Meier method.
Concerned about the potential risk of late patellofemoral osteoarthritis, many authors have considered the trochleoplasty procedure primarily a good salvage option for patients with unsuccessful previous surgery, in which the severely dysplastic trochlea remains the main pathologic factor (Balcarek et al. 2016).
Over the years, many studies have investigated and have identified the pathologic factors related to this syndrome.
Many previous studies showed that NACT can reduce the risk of pathologic factors such as tumor lesions, deep myometrial invasion, parametrial and lymph-vascular space involvement, thereby reducing the rate of postoperative adjuvant therapy [11], [21], [33], [38].
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STand) anuclearear factor kappa B (NF- κB) have been demonstrated to regulate many pathologic features of asthma, and both are activated by IL-4 [ 26, 27].
It is also a critical player in many pathologic processes, most notably in neoplasia.
The dysfunction of arterial endothelial cells is a hallmark of many pathologic states including atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus [6].
