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Many pathogens utilize the formation of transmembrane pores in target cells in the process of infection.
[11] The ABO gene is highly polymorphic, which is thought to be related to evolutionary changes for host-pathogen interactions, as many pathogens utilize surface glycoproteins in host invasion.
[20] We chose to evaluate the ABH genes as candidates for modifiers of CF lung disease severity because the role postulated for these polymorphic genes coding for the ABH antigens is thought to be related to host-pathogen interactions; specifically, many pathogens utilize surface glycoproteins in host invasion.
Many pathogens utilize DCs for transport and transfer to target cells, as they are thus protected from antibodies.
Many pathogens utilize secreted siderophores and/or high-affinity uptake systems to acquire iron, and many are able to utilize ferritin, transferrin, lactoferrin, heme and heme-containing proteins for cellular processes related to virulence [ 29].
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Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens utilize the luxI/luxR quorum sensing system to regulate the expression of virulence genes.
In order to establish an infection and survive within the host, many Gram-positive bacterial pathogens utilize ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters to acquire essential nutrients and metal ions such as copper, manganese, iron, zinc and cobalt (Claverys 2001; Higgins 2001).
Pathogens utilize effector molecules to rewire the host network in a manner conducive to pathogen proliferation and dispersal [ 41].
Bacterial pathogens utilize extracellular heme as an iron source via heme-degrading enzymes.
In addition, pathogens utilize host S-palmitoylation machinery to promote infection.
Many pathogens try to utilize host HGF Met system to establish comfortable environment for infection.
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